Introduction of Return to Zero formats have contributed to the progress in optical communication systems. RZ Format started getting popularity in 1999. RZ formats helps telecommunication engineers to design high capacity optical systems.
One of the example of using Return to Zero format is the dispersion managed solition systems. In such systems, a chirped pulse propagates inside the optical fiber periodically. Average dispersion is used to counteract the buildup of the non-linear effects.
In Chirped Return to Zero (CRZ) format, optical pulses in each bit slot are chirped before they are launched in to the fiber link. Such systems are operated in a quasi-linear regime. In other schemes, modulation formats of microwave communication are applied in optical domain. These kind of formats are known as Carrier-Suppressed RZ or CSRZ, Single-Sideband or Vestigal-Sideband formats. All these formats have advantage over simple RZ formats they help reduce the use of bandwidth.
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